What is Dry Eye Syndrome?
Dry eye syndrome is something that many people have to deal with. In the US it is estimated that 10 million people suffer from it. The problem occurs when something is wrong with either the quantity or quality of the tear which is needed for lubricating the eyes.
The importance of tears is very underestimated. The production process is very complex and there are three separate layers; each layer having its own purpose.
The mucous layer coats the eye and acts link an adhesive. In the middle of the tear is a watery layer which helps deliver nutrients and oxygen into the cornea. Also, the reason tears taste salty is because it contains salt. The outer layer of the tear is designed to be oily, keeping moisture in so it doesn’t evaporate. Tiny glands surrounding the eyes produce the ingredients needed for the various layers of tear, and excess tear fluids drain into tiny ducts.
Symptoms of Dry Eye Syndrome
When you have dry eye syndrome you’ll be mostly aware of your eye feeling irritated. They’ll feel itchy, burning and will appear red. Ironically, excessive production of tears can cause symptoms of dry eyes. That’s because the eyes produce tears in response to many conditions including protecting eyes from injury.
Who is at risk?
Anyone can suffer from dry eyes however it is more commonly found in the elderly. When our bodies age we produce less oil than before. This means that less oil is available for the outer layer of tears. Due to the lack of oil, the middle layer cannot be sealed as well which causes evaporation. This leads to dry areas on the cornea.
Because of hormonal changes occurring during the menopause, older women suffer from dry eye syndrome than med. Smoking doesn’t help either. Air conditioning, hot and dry climates along with wind and high altitudes can have an effect too. People who read a lot or work at a computer all day complain more of dry eyes because they tend not to blink as much.
People who have dry eyes also are either taking certain medication, suffer from lack of vitamin A or have some sort of medical condition such as Parkinson’s disease.
Early Detection and Treatment
You’ll probably know whether you have dry eyes or not however it is always best to consult with an eye doctor. Detection takes place using special eye drops that help the eye doctor gauge tear production and associated rates of evaporation.
The most common form of treatment is artificial tear drops which you place into the eye. Collagen or silicon plugs can also be placed into the tear drains to prevent them from draining. It’s important to keep you body hydrated by drinking plenty of water. Avoiding eye rubbing and blinking more frequently also help alleviate dry eye syndrome. Don’t worry, wearing cheap eye glasses are going to be a problem.
